In modern intelligent logistics systems, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), the core perception component of AGVs (Automated Guided Vehicles), undertakes the critical tasks of environmental perception, navigation & positioning, and safety obstacle avoidance. Its performance directly impacts the AGV’s positioning accuracy, operational efficiency, and safety. This article systematically analyzes the functional classification and key selection points of LiDAR to assist enterprises in optimizing AGV design.
1.Core Functions of LiDAR in AGVs
Navigation & Positioning:
Scans environmental features (e.g., reflectors, shelves, walls) to build maps in real-time and perform localization matching.
Supports various modes including SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) and reflector navigation.
Achieves centimeter-level positioning accuracy (e.g., <10mm error within 5m).
Safety Obstacle Avoidance:
Dynamically monitors obstacles (including low-reflectivity targets) in the path.
Triggers graded protective responses (e.g., speed reduction, braking).
Offers a maximum protective range of up to 20 meters.
Supports flexible configuration of up to 16 safety zones.
Pallet Recognition & Auxiliary Positioning:
Dedicated LiDAR models can accurately identify pallet positions (accuracy ±1.5mm).
Can replace traditional encoders to enhance motion control accuracy.
2.LiDAR Types & Applicable Scenarios
Based on functional requirements, LiDAR can be categorized into three types:
Navigation LiDAR:
Characteristics: Wide scanning angle (typically 270°–360°), long range (up to 50m), high angular resolution (up to 0.06°), high point cloud density (e.g., 60k points/s).
Application Scenarios: Global path planning for large warehouse AGVs, unmanned forklifts.
Obstacle Avoidance LiDAR:
Characteristics: Focuses on close-range dynamic monitoring (e.g., 10m @70% reflectivity), high scan frequency (≥25Hz), strong resistance to vibration and shock, compact size (e.g., 50×50×72mm).
Application Scenarios: Emergency braking protection in human-machine collaborative environments.
Integrated Navigation & Obstacle Avoidance LiDAR:
Characteristics: Combines 360° scanning and long-range detection (e.g., 40m) in a single device.Supports simultaneous triggering for multiple safety zones, reducing hardware costs.
Application Scenarios: Medium/small AGVs or compact robots with space constraints.
3.Key Selection Parameter Guide
Detection Range & Reflectivity Adaptability:
Consider target reflectivity conditions (e.g., ensure ≥4m effective detection @10% reflectivity).
Recommendation: Choose ≥20m range for warehouse environments; 8–10m for indoor service robots.
Scan Frequency & Dynamic Response:
Low-frequency LiDAR (e.g., 10Hz) suits low-speed AGVs (<0.5m/s).
High-frequency LiDAR (e.g., 20–30Hz) is essential for high-speed, dynamic scenarios.
Note: High frequency requires matching computational power to avoid processing delays.
Environmental Robustness:
Strong anti-ambient light capability (≥80,000 Lux) ensures stability in bright conditions.
Vibration/shock resistance (validated by tests) and suitable IP rating are critical for industrial settings.
Integration Convenience:
Size & Interfaces: Compact LiDARs (e.g., super-hemispherical design) ease embedding. Type-C/Ethernet interfaces simplify cabling.
Hardware-Software Synergy: Compatibility with mainstream navigation systems (e.g., SLAM algorithms) lowers development barriers.
4.Industry Trends & Selection Advice
Miniaturization & High Performance: New-generation solid-state LiDARs reduce volume by 66% while increasing point frequency to 490k points/s, balancing wide FOV with precise perception.
Multifunctional Integration: Single LiDAR units performing both navigation and obstacle avoidance offer cost-effective advantages.
Automotive-Grade Reliability: Prioritize products validated through mass production (millions of units) for industrial applications.
Which LiDAR Does Your AGV Need?
Matching the LiDAR type and parameters to your AGV’s load, speed, and environmental complexity (lighting/dynamic obstacles) significantly enhances system stability and reduces costs. We offer a full range of LiDAR solutions—from navigation & positioning to safety protection—with support for customized combinations and technical integration.
Contact our technical team now to get a tailored LiDAR selection plan and exclusive quotation for your AGV model!
Data sourced from publicly available industry technical documentation. Latest product specifications subject to actual technical communication.Through scientific selection, LiDAR will become the “core engine” powering your AGV’s intelligent upgrade. We look forward to empowering your logistics system with professional solutions for efficient and safe operation!
